Gemstone | Country | Hardness | Parent Gemstone |
| Actinolite | Canada, USA | 5-6 | Amphibole |
| Adamite | Mexico, Chile | 3.5-4.5 | Arsenate |
| Agate | Brazil, Uruguay | 6.5-7 | Chalcedony |
| Albite | Brazil, Madagascar | 6-6.5 | Feldspar |
| Alexandrite | Russia, Brazil | 8.5 | Chrysoberyl |
| Algodonite | Mexico | 3-4 | Sulfide |
| Almandine Garnet | India, USA | 7-7.5 | Garnet |
| Amazonite | Russia, Brazil | 6-6.5 | Feldspar |
| Amber | Dominican Republic, Baltic region | 2-2.5 | Organic |
| Amblygonite | Brazil, USA | 6-7 | Phosphate |
| Amethyst | Brazil, Uruguay | 7 | Quartz |
| Ametrine | Bolivia | 7 | Quartz |
| Ammolite | Canada | 3.5-4 | Aragonite |
| Analcime | USA, Italy | 5-5.5 | Zeolite |
| Anatase | Switzerland | 5.5-6 | Titanium oxide |
| Andalusite | Spain, France | 7-7.5 | Silicate |
| Andesine | USA, Canada, China | 6-6.5 | Plagioclase |
| Andradite | USA, Mexico, Russia | 6.5-7 | Garnet |
| Anglesite | UK, Mexico | 2.5-3 | Sulfate |
| Anorthite | USA, Canada | 6-6.5 | Feldspar |
| Apatite | Brazil, Mexico, Russia | 5 | Phosphate |
| Apophyllite | India, Brazil | 4.5-5 | Zeolite |
| Aquamarine | Brazil, Pakistan | 7.5-8 | Beryl |
| Aragonite | Spain, Mexico | 3.5-4 | Carbonate |
| Augelite | USA, Chile | 6-7 | Phosphate |
| Axinite | France, Italy | 6.5-7 | Silicate |
| Azurite | Morocco, USA | 3.5-4 | Carbonate |
| Barite | USA, China, India | 2.5-3.5 | Sulfate |
| Bayldonite | Mexico, USA | 4.5 | Arsenate |
| Benitoite | USA | 6-6.5 | Silicate |
| Beryl | Brazil, Colombia, USA | 7.5-8 | Cyclosilicate |
| Beryllonite | USA, Madagascar | 5.5-6 | Phosphate |
| Bicolor Spodumene | Afghanistan, USA | 6.5-7 | Pyroxene |
| Bismutotantalite | Australia, Brazil | 6 | Oxide |
| Bloodstone | India, Brazil | 6.5-7 | Chalcedony |
| Blue Spinel | Myanmar, Sri Lanka, Tanzania | 7.5-8 | Oxide |
| Boleite | Mexico | 3-3.5 | Halide |
| Boracite | Germany, Russia | 7 | Halide |
| Bornite | USA, Mexico, Morocco | 3 | Sulfide |
| Brazilianite | Brazil, USA | 5.5-6 | Phosphate |
| Breithauptite | Canada | 3.5-4 | Sulfide |
| Brookite | Pakistan, USA | 5.5-6 | Oxide |
| Brucite | USA, Russia | 2.5-3.5 | Hydroxide |
| Bustamite | USA, Peru, South Africa | 5.5-6.5 | Silicate |
| Bytownite | Canada, Norway | 6-6.5 | Plagioclase |
| Calcite | Worldwide | 3 | Carbonate |
| Canasite | Canada | 5-6 | Sorosilicate |
| Cancrinite | Russia, Canada | 5-6 | Feldspathoid |
| Carnelian | Worldwide | 6.5-7 | Chalcedony |
| Cassiterite | Worldwide | 6-7 | Oxide |
| Catapleiite | Russia, Greenland | 5-6 | Neso-silicate |
| Celestite | Worldwide | 3-3.5 | Sulfate |
| Ceruleite | USA | 2.5-3 | Carbonate |
| Cerussite | Worldwide | 3-3.5 | Carbonate |
| Chabazite | Worldwide | 4.5-5 | Zeolite |
| Chalcedony | Worldwide | 6.5-7 | Silicate |
| Chambersite | Russia | 4.5-5 | Carbonate |
| Charoite | Russia | 5-6 | Inosilicate |
| Childrenite | Brazil | 3-4 | Phosphate |
| Chiolite | Greenland | 2.5-3 | Halide |
| Chromite | Worldwide | 5.5-6.5 | Oxide |
| Chrysoberyl | Worldwide | 8.5 | Oxide |
| Chrysocolla | Worldwide | 2-4 | Silicate |
| Chrysoprase | Australia | 6.5-7 | Chalcedony |
| Cinnabar | Worldwide | 2-2.5 | Sulfide |
| Citrine | Brazil | 7 | Quartz |
| Clinochlore | Worldwide | 2-3 | Phyllosilicate |
| Cobaltite | Worldwide | 5.5-6 | Arsenide |
| Colemanite | USA, Turkey | 4.5-5.5 | Borate |
| Color Change Garnet | Madagascar, Kenya | 7-7.5 | Nesosilicate |
| Color Change Sapphire | Madagascar | 9 | Oxide |
| Danburite | Mexico, Russia | 7-7.5 | Nesosilicate |
| Datolite | Worldwide | 5-5.5 | Sorosilicate |
| Demantoid Garnet | Russia, Namibia | 6.5-7.5 | Nesosilicate |
| Diamond | Worldwide | 10 | Native Element |
| Diaspore | Turkey | 6.5-7 | Oxide |
| Dickinsonite | USA | 2.5-3 | Carbonate |
| Diopside | Worldwide | 5.5-6.5 | Inosilicate |
| Dioptase | Congo, Russia | 5 | Cyclosilicate |
| Dolomite | Worldwide | 3.5-4 | Carbonate |
| Dumortierite | Worldwide | 7-8 | Nesosilicate |
| Ekanite | Tanzania | 5-6 | Inosilicate |
| Emerald | Colombia, Zambia | 7.5-8 | Cyclosilicate |
| Enstatite | Worldwide | 5.5-6 | Inosilicate |
| Eosphorite | Brazil, USA | 5-5.5 | Phosphate |
| Epidote | Worldwide | 6-7 | Sorosilicate |
| Ettringite | Germany, USA | 2.5-3.5 | Sulfate |
| Euclase | Colombia, Zimbabwe | 7.5-8 | Cyclosilicate |
| Eudialyte | Greenland, Russia | 5-6 | Cyclosilicate |
| Euxenite | Norway, Greenland | 5-6 | Oxide |
| Fergusonite | Canada, Madagascar, USA | 5-5.5 | Oxide |
| Fluorite | Worldwide | 4 | Halide |
| Freshwater Pearl | Worldwide | 2.5-4.5 | Carbonate |
| Friedelite | Canada, Russia | 4.5 | Inosilicate |
| Gadolinite | Madagascar, Norway, USA | 6.5-7 | Nesosilicate |
| Gahnospinel | Myanmar, Tajikistan | 7-7.5 | Spinel |
| Garnet | Worldwide | 6.5-7.5 | Nesosilicate |
| Gaylussite | Canada, USA | 2.5-3.5 | Carbonate |
| Grandidierite | Madagascar | 7.5 | Nesosilicate |
| Grossular Clinochlore | USA | 6.5-7 | Inosilicate |
| Grossular Garnet | Italy, Kenya, Tanzania, USA | 6.5-7.5 | Nesosilicate |
| Gypsum | Worldwide | 2 | Sulfate |
| Hambergite | Afghanistan, USA | 7.5-8 | Cyclosilicate |
| Haüyne | Italy, Canada | 5.5-6 | Tectosilicate |
| Heliodor | Brazil, Madagascar, Namibia, Russia | 7.5-8 | Cyclosilicate |
| Hematite | Worldwide | 5.5-6.5 | Oxide |
| Hemimorphite | Worldwide | 4.5-5 | Sorosilicate |
| Herderite | Afghanistan, Brazil, USA | 5-5.5 | Phosphate |
| Hessonite | India, Sri Lanka | 6.5-7.5 | Nesosilicate |
| Hodgkinsonite | Democratic Republic of Congo | 3.5-4 | Carbonate |
| Holtite | Kazakhstan | 5.5-6 | Inosilicate |
| Howlite | Canada, USA | 3.5-7 | Borate |
| Humite | Afghanistan, Italy, Russia | 6-7 | Sorosilicate |
| Hureaulite | Brazil, USA | 5-5.5 | Phosphate |
| Hurlbutite | USA | 4.5-5 | Nesoborosilicate |
| Hydrogrossular Garnet | Canada, Italy, Kenya, Tanzania | 6.5-7.5 | Nesosilicate |
| Hyperitdiabas | Germany | 5-6 | Igneous Rock/ Diorite |
| Inderite | India | 5.5 – 6.5 | Tourmaline |
| Indochinite Tektite | Vietnam | – | Tektite |
| Iolite | India | 7 – 7.5 | Cordierite |
| Jadeite | Myanmar | 6.5 – 7 | Pyroxene |
| Jasper | Worldwide | 6.5 – 7 | Chalcedony |
| Jeremejevite | Namibia | 6 – 7.5 | Borate |
| Jet | Worldwide | 2.5 – 4 | Coal |
| Kämmererite | Turkey | 2.5 – 3 | Chromite |
| Kornerupine | Tanzania | 6 – 7 | Borosilicate |
| Kurnakovite | Russia | 3.5 | Sulfate |
| Kyanite | Worldwide | 4.5 – 7 | Silicate |
| Labradorite | Canada | 6 – 6.5 | Feldspar |
| Langbeinite | USA | 3 | Sulfate |
| Lapis Lazuli | Afghanistan | 5 – 5.5 | Rock |
| Laserblue | USA | – | Chalcedony |
| Lawsonite | USA | 7.5 – 8 | Zeolite |
| Lazulite | Worldwide | 5 – 6 | Phosphate |
| Legrandite | Mexico | 3.5 – 4 | Arsenate |
| Lepidolite | Worldwide | 2.5 – 4 | Mica |
| Leucite | Italy | 5.5 – 6 | Feldspathoid |
| Linarite | USA, Mexico | 2.5 – 3.5 | Sulfate |
| Ludlamite | USA | 3.5 – 4.5 | Phosphate |
| Magnesite | Worldwide | 3.5 – 4 | Carbonate |
| Malachite | Worldwide | 3.5 – 4 | Carbonate |
| Mali Garnet | Mali | 7 – 7.5 | Garnet |
| Mandarin Garnet | Namibia | 7 – 7.5 | Garnet |
| Manganotantalite | Madagascar | 6 | Oxide |
| Marcasite | Worldwide | 6 – 6.5 | Sulfide |
| Meliphanite | Russia | 5 – 6 | Sorosilicate |
| Mellite | Germany | 2 – 2.5 | Organic |
| Microcline | Worldwide | 6 – 6.5 | Feldspar |
| Microlite | Brazil | 5 – 7 | Oxide |
| Milarite | Switzerland | 4.5-5 | Silicate |
| Millerite | USA, Canada | 3-3.5 | Sulfide |
| Mimetite | Namibia, Mexico | 3.5-4.5 | Lead Chloride |
| Moldavite | Czech Republic | 5.5-6 | Tektite |
| Monazite | Brazil, India | 5-5.5 | Phosphate |
| Moonstone | India, Sri Lanka | 6-6.5 | Feldspar |
| Mordenite | USA, India | 4.5-5 | Zeolite |
| Morganite | Brazil, USA | 7.5-8 | Beryl |
| Nambulite | Australia | 4-4.5 | Copper arsenate |
| Natural Pearl | Worldwide | 2.5-4.5 | Nacreous |
| Nepheline | Russia, Canada | 5.5-6 | Silicate |
| Nephrite | China, Canada | 6-6.5 | Jade |
| Neptunite | USA | 5-6 | Silicate |
| Obsidian | Worldwide | 5-5.5 | Volcanic Glass |
| Oligoclase | USA, Norway | 6-6.5 | Feldspar |
| Onyx | USA, Mexico | 6.5-7 | Chalcedony |
| Opal Stone | Australia, Mexico | 5.5-6.5 | Mineraloid |
| Oregon Sunstone | USA | 6-6.5 | Feldspar |
| Orthoclase | Worldwide | 6-6.5 | Feldspar |
| Paraíba Tourmaline | Brazil, Nigeria | 7.0-7.5 | Tourmaline |
| Pargasite | Italy, USA, Canada | 5.5-6.0 | Amphibole |
| Parisite | Madagascar, USA | 4.5-5.0 | Carbonate |
| Pearl | Worldwide | 2.5-4.5 | Nacre |
| Pentlandite | Canada, Russia | 3.5-4.0 | Sulfide |
| Periclase | Russia | 5.5-6.5 | Oxide |
| Peridot | Worldwide | 6.5-7.0 | Olivine |
| Peristerite | Russia | 6.0-6.5 | Plagioclase |
| Perthite | Worldwide | 6.0-6.5 | Feldspar |
| Petalite | Brazil, USA, Madagascar | 6.0-6.5 | Lithium Aluminum Silicate |
| Phenakite | Brazil, Madagascar, Russia | 7.5-8.0 | Beryllium Silicate |
| Phosgenite | Mexico, USA | 2.5-3.0 | Carbonate |
| Phosphophyllite | Bolivia | 3.5-4.0 | Phosphate |
| Pollucite | USA, Canada | 6.0-6.5 | Cesium Silicate |
| Powellite | Canada, USA | 3.5-4.0 | Molybdate |
| Prehnite | Australia, South Africa | 6.0-6.5 | Phyllosilicate |
| Princess of Carolina | Madagascar | 7.0-7.5 | Garnet |
| Prosopite | Greenland | 4.5-5.0 | Carbonate |
| Proteus | Brazil | 7.5 | Garnet |
| Proteus Garnet | Brazil | 7.5 | Garnet |
| Proustite | Chile, Germany, Mexico, Peru | 2.5-3.0 | Sulfosalt |
| Pumpellyite | USA | 5.5 | Sorosilicate |
| Purpurite | Namibia | 4.0-4.5 | Phosphate |
| Pyrargyrite | Mexico, Peru | 2.5-3.0 | Sulfosalt |
| Pyrite | Worldwide | 6.0-6.5 | Sulfide |
| Pyrope Garnet | Worldwide | 7.0-7.5 | Garnet |
| Pyrophyllite | United States | 1 – 2.5 | Phyllosilicate |
| Pyroxmangite | United States | 5 – 6 | Inosilicate |
| Pyrrhotite | Canada, Norway | 3.5 – 4.5 | Sulfide |
| Quartz | Brazil, Madagascar,United States, India | 7 | Oxide |
| Quartz, Tibet | Tibet | 7 | Oxide |
| Quartzite | United States,Brazil, India | 6.5 – 7 | Metamorphic Rock |
| Realgar | Peru, China | 1.5 – 2.5 | Sulfide |
| Red Beryl | United States | 7.5 – 8 | Beryl |
| Rhodizite | Madagascar | 6.5 – 7 | Nesosilicate |
| Rhodochrosite | Argentina, Peru | 3.5 – 4.5 | Carbonate |
| Rhodolite Garnet | Tanzania, Sri Lanka | 6.5 – 7.5 | Garnet |
| Rhodonite | Peru, Russia | 5.5 – 6.5 | Silicate |
| Rose Quartz | Brazil, Madagascar | 7 | Quartz |
| Rough Orthoclase | United States | 6 – 6.5 | Feldspar |
| Rubellite | Brazil, Nigeria | 7.5 – 8 | Tourmaline |
| Ruby | Myanmar, Thailand | 9 | Corundum |
| Rutile | Australia, Norway | 6 – 6.5 | Oxide |
| Saltwater Pearl | Worldwide | 2.5 – 4.5 | Nacre |
| Samarskite | Russia, Canada | 5 – 5.5 | Oxide |
| Sanidine | United States | 6 – 6.5 | Feldspar |
| Sapphire | Myanmar, Sri Lanka | 9 | Corundum |
| Sapphirine | Madagascar, Russia | 6 – 7 | Silicate |
| Sarcolite | United States | 4 – 5 | Silicate |
| Scapolite | Canada, Brazil | 5 – 6 | Silicate |
| Scheelite | China, Canada | 4.5 – 5.5 | Tungstate |
| Scorodite | United States | 3.5 – 4 | Arsenate |
| Sellaite | Norway | 3.5 | Halide |
| Senarmontite | Algeria | 2.5 – 3 | Oxide |
| Serandite | Madagascar | 5.5 – 6 | Silicate |
| Serpentine | United States, | 2.5 – 4 | Phyllosilicate |
| Sarcolite | Madagascar, Canada | 5 | Calcite |
| Scapolite | Myanmar, Tanzania | 5.5-6.5 | Plagioclase |
| Scheelite | China, Korea | 4.5-5.5 | Calcium Tungstate |
| Scorodite | Chile, Germany | 3.5-4 | Arsenate |
| Sellaite | Italy, Switzerland | 3.5-4 | Magnesite |
| Senarmontite | Mexico, Algeria | 2.5-3 | Antimony |
| Serandite | Russia, Afghanistan | 6 | Manganese |
| Serpentine | USA, Afghanistan | 2.5-5.5 | Phyllosilicate |
| Shattuckite | Congo, Namibia | 3.5-4 | Copper Silicate |
| Shortite | USA, Canada | 3.5-4 | Calcite |
| Siderite | USA, Brazil | 3.5-4.5 | Carbonate |
| Sillimanite | India, USA | 6-7.5 | Aluminosilicate |
| Simpsonite | Australia, USA | 4-5 | Barium Borate |
| Sinhalite | Sri Lanka, Myanmar | 6-6.5 | Borate |
| Smaltite | Morocco, Canada | 5.5-6 | Arsenide |
| Smithsonite | USA, Mexico | 4-4.5 | Carbonate |
| Smokey Quartz | Brazil, USA | 7 | Quartz |
| Sodalite | Greenland, Canada | 5.5-6 | Feldspathoid |
| Sogdianite | Tajikistan, Russia | 7 | Silicate |
| Spessartite | Brazil, USA | 6.5-7.5 | Garnet |
| Sphalerite | USA, Mexico | 3.5-4 | Sulfide |
| Spinel | Burma, Sri Lanka | 8 | Oxide |
| Spodumene | Afghanistan, Brazil | 6.5-7 | Pyroxene |
| Spurrite | Canada, USA | 5.5-6 | Carbonate |
| Star Sapphire | Sri Lanka, Myanmar | 9 | Corundum |
| Staurolite | USA, Switzerland | 7-7.5 | Silicate |
| Stibiotantalite | Madagascar, Brazil | 6 | Oxide |
| Stichtite | Australia, Canada | 1.5-2 | Carbonate |
| Stolzite | Mexico, USA | 3.5-4.5 | Tungstate |
| Strontianite | Scotland, Germany | 3.5-4 | Carbonate |
| Sugilite | South Africa, Japan | 5.5-6.5 | Silicate |
| Sunstone | India, Norway, USA | 6-6.5 | Feldspar |
| Taaffeite | Sri Lanka, Tanzania | 8 | Taaffeite |
| Talc | China, United States, Canada | 1 | Talc |
| Tantalite | Australia, Brazil, Canada | 6-6.5 | Tantalite |
| Tektite | Australia, Czech Republic, China | 5.5-6 | Natural Glass |
| Tephroite | Sweden, Germany | 5-6 | Tephroite |
| Thaumasite | Canada, Italy | 3.5-4.5 | Thaumasite |
| Thomsonite | India, Scotland | 5-5.5 | Zeolite |
| Tiger’s Eye | Australia, South Africa, USA | 7 | Quartz |
| Topaz | Brazil, Russia, United States | 8 | Topaz |
| Tourmaline | Brazil, Afghanistan, USA | 7-7.5 | Tourmaline |
| Tremolite | Canada, Italy, Pakistan | 5-6 | Amphibole |
| Tsavorite | Kenya, Tanzania | 7-7.5 | Garnet |
| Tugtupite | Greenland, Canada | 4.5-5 | Tugtupite |
| Turquoise | USA, Iran, China | 5-6 | Turquoise |
| Ulexite | USA, Argentina, Kazakhstan | 2.5-3 | Ulexite |
| Uvarovite | Russia, Finland | 6-6.5 | Garnet |
| Vanadinite | Morocco, USA | 3-4 | Vanadinite |
| Variscite | USA, Germany, Australia | 4-5 | Variscite |
| Väyrynenite | Norway, Madagascar | 5.5-6 | Väyrynenite |
| Villiaumite | Russia, Canada | 2.5-3 | Villiaumite |
| Vivianite | Bolivia, Germany, USA | 1.5-2.5 | Vivianite |
| Wardite | USA, Germany, Bolivia | 5.5-6 | Phosphates |
| Wavellite | UK, Germany, USA | 3.5-4 | Phosphates |
| Weloganite | Canada | 4.5-5 | Carbonates |
| Whewellite | Germany, USA, UK | 2.5-3 | Oxalates |
| Wilkeite | USA | 5-5.5 | Sulfates |
| Willemite | USA, Belgium, Namibia | 5.5 | Silicates |
| Witherite | UK | 3.5-4 | Carbonates |
| Wollastonite | USA, Canada, Mexico | 4.5-5 | Inosilicates |
| Wulfenite | USA, Mexico, Austria | 2.75-3 | Lead Molybdates |
| Xonotlite | Mexico | 6 | Sorosilicates |
| Yugawaralite | Japan | 4-4.5 | Phyllosilicates |
| Zektzerite | Afghanistan | 5-6 | Cyclosilicates |
| Zincite | Poland, USA | 4-5 | Oxides |
| Zircon | Australia, Brazil, India, USA | 6.5-7.5 | Nesosilicates |
| Zunyite | USA | 6.5-7 | Sorosilicates |